Gout
A complex form of arthritis marked by sudden, severe attacks of pain and swelling, most often in the big toe.
Overview
Gout is a common and complex form of arthritis that can affect anyone. It is characterised by sudden, severe attacks of pain, swelling, redness and tenderness in one or more joints, most often in the big toe.
An attack can occur suddenly, often waking you in the middle of the night with the sensation that your big toe is on fire. The affected joint is hot, swollen and so tender that even the weight of a bedsheet may seem intolerable. Symptoms come and go, but flares can be managed and prevented.
Common symptoms
- Intense joint pain, most severe within the first four to twelve hours
- Lingering discomfort for days to weeks after the peak subsides
- Inflammation and redness — the joint becomes swollen, tender and warm
- Limited range of motion as gout progresses
Prevention & self-care
- Stay well hydrated throughout the day
- Limit alcohol, especially beer, and sugary drinks
- Moderate red meat, organ meat and shellfish
- Keep weight steady; avoid rapid crash dieting
When to see a doctor
Seek care for a sudden hot, swollen joint — especially with fever, which can indicate joint infection rather than a gout flare.
Book a consultationRelated conditions
Arthritis
An umbrella term for more than 100 joint conditions causing pain, inflammation and stiffness.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
A chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder that affects the joint lining and can involve other body systems.
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